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It from Qubit

Of John Wheeler's “Really Big Questions,” the one on which most progress has been made is it from bit? - does information play a significant role at the foundations of physics?  It is perhaps less ambitious than some of the other Questions, such as how come existence?, because it does not inherently require a metaphysical answer.  It does not even require the discovery of new laws of nature - unlike, say, why the quantum?  There is room for hope that it might be at least partly answered through a better understanding of the laws as we currently know them, particularly those of quantum physics.  And indeed, this is what has happened:  the better understanding is called the quantum theory of computation.  In this article, I shall explore how quantum theory might have been conceived if it from bit had been a motivation from the outset.  No one will ever derive it (the nature of the quantum world) purely from bit (the idea that information plays a significant role at the foundations of physics).  But we can do the next best thing:  we can start from the qubit.  It then turns out that the quantum theory of computation isn't just the key to a new technology, nor even just a new branch of quantum physics.  Thanks to the Turing Principle (of the universality of computation), it is quantum physics.  It is a simpler and more general way of formulating quantum theory, which has the potential to revolutionise the teaching of the subject as well as providing powerful theoretical tools for research and philosophical understanding.


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Separater


Published   2002.03.21
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